This publication presents a selection of papers from the conference "Mountain hay meadows – hotspots of biodiversity and traditional culture" held on 7-9 June 2010 in Boros Valley, Transylvania, Romania.

The conference was part of a project of the same name. The project had a dual goal: to carry out biological research on mountain hay meadows in two contrasting sites in the Eastern Carpathians; and to help local farmers to carry on traditional small scale agriculture. We also used our project and the conference to celebrate and promote the International Year of Biodiversity 2010.

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0.1
Introduction and Acknowledgements
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0.2
Mountain Hay Meadows: the Romanian Context and the Effects of Policy on High Nature Value Farming
Barbara KNOWLES
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Section 1
Biodiversity, landscape and traditional knowledge
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1.1
Natural Treasures of the Csík Basin and Csík Mountains
László DEMETER, Anna-Mária CSERGŐ, Attila SÁNDOR, István IMECS and Csaba VIZAUER
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1.2
Proposal for the Creation of a New Natura 2000 Site in the Ciuc Mountains
Anna-Mária CSERGŐ, László DEMETER, Zsolt MOLNÁR, Dániel BABAI and Gusztáv JAKAB
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1.3
The Conservation Value of Temporary Ponds in the Ciuc Basin from a Vegetation Perspective
Anna-Mária CSERGŐ and László DEMETER
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1.4
Data on the Distribution and Population Size of Amphibians in the Csík Mountains (Muntii Ciucului), Eastern Carpathians, Romania
László DEMETER and Alpár KELEMEN
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1.5
The Relationship between Mowing and Large Branchiopod Presence in the Ciuc Basin, Eastern Carpathians
László DEMETER, Anna-Mária CSERGŐ and Gabriella PÉTER
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1.6
Understanding High Nature Value Agriculture in the Romanian Carpathians: a Case Study
Sally HUBAND and David McCRACKEN
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1.7
Monitoring High Nature Value Grassland in Transylvania, Romania
Laura SUTCLIFFE and Krystyna LARKHAM
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Section 2
Social science, economics and rural development relating to hay meadow management and products
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2.1
Biodiversity and Transition Pathways to Sustainable Agriculture: Implications for Interdisciplinary Research in the Eastern Romanian Carpathian Mountains
Ernst-August NUPPENAU, Rainer WALDHARDT and Irina SOLOVYEVA
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2.2
Farming and Management of Hay Meadows in Csík and Gyimes - Experiences from Social Research
Róbert BIRÓ, László DEMETER and Barbara KNOWLES
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2.3
Agri-Environmental Payments in Harghita County - Do They Have Real Benefits for HNV Grasslands?
Péter PÁL
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2.4
Area-based Subsidies in the ODORHEI Region of Romania
Andrea SÓLYOM
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2.5
Linking High Nature Value Grasslands to Small-Scale Farmer Incomes: Târnava Mare, Romania
Nat PAGE, Razvan POPA, Cristi GHERGHICEANU, Lenke BALINT
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2.6
Supporting Agriculture, Tradition and Ecosystems in the Pogány-Havas Microregion of Transylvania (Romania)
Gergely RODICS and Barbara KNOWLES
Mountain hay meadows: hotspots of biodiversity and traditional culture, Ed. Barbara Knowles, Society of Biology, London. ©Pogány-havas Association 2011.